Control and Dynamical Lecture Series: Jaydev Desai: "Challenges in Robotic MRI-guided Interventions"

Wednesday, April 21, 2010
2:00 p.m.
2168 A.V. Williams Building
Pamela White
301 405 6576
pwhite@umd.edu

Control and Dynamical Lecture Series
Challenges in Robotic MRI-guided Interventions: From Macro-Scale to Meso-Scale

Jaydev P. Desai
Director – Robotics, Automation, and Medical Systems (RAMS) Laboratory
Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of Maryland

Host
P.S. Krishnaprasad

Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides excellent soft tissue contrast and has become a standard tool of physicians in several image-guided interventions. However, the nature of MR imaging imposes several constraints on the choice of actuators and sensors that can be used in robotic MRI-guided interventions. To understand some of the challenges, both at the macro-scale as well as the meso-scale, the talk will focus on two current projects in our laboratory. The first project is in the area of breast biopsy (Bx) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of breast tumors under continuous MRI, while the second project is in the area of minimally invasive neurosurgical interventions under MRI guidance.

The motivation for our research in the Bx/RFA project comes from the fact that The American Cancer Society estimates one in eight women born today is likely to be diagnosed with breast cancer during their lifetime. Although these statistics are discouraging, recent, large-scale studies reported in The Lancet and The New England Journal of Medicine demonstrate the value of MRI as an effective tool in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Similarly for breast cancer treatment, RFA has emerged as a promising approach for early stage breast cancer treatment. Hence, the first part of the talk will discuss our current work in the development of a macro-scale robotic system for Bx/RFA of breast tumors under continuous MRI.

In the second part of the talk, we will discuss our progress in the development of meso-scale robotic system operated under MRI guidance for neurosurgical interventions. Currently, the optimal treatment for most brain tumors involves primary surgical resection. Unfortunately, many patients cannot undergo primary surgical resection of their brain tumor due to either poor general health or an unfavorable location of the lesion, usually deep or otherwise inaccessible to conventional neurosurgical techniques. As a result, our current efforts have targeted towards the development of a MRI compatible meso-scale “minimally invasive” neurosurgical intracranial robot (MINIR) that can be used to electrocauterize a deep brain tumor.

Biography
Dr. Jaydev P. Desai is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty Member of The Applied Mathematics & Statistics, and Scientific Computation (AMSC) Program, and an affiliate faculty of the Fischell Department of Bioengineering at University of Maryland, College Park (UMCP). Prior to joining UMCP, he was an Associate Professor at Drexel University. He completed his undergraduate studies from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India, in 1993. He received his M.A. in Mathematics in 1997, M.S. and Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics in 1995 and 1998 respectively, all from the University of Pennsylvania. Prior to joining Drexel University, he was a Post-Doctoral Fellow in the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University. He is a recipient of the NSF CAREER award, lead inventor on the “Outstanding Invention of 2007 in Physical Science Category” at University of Maryland, College Park, and the Ralph R. Teetor Educational Award. His research interests include image-guided surgical robotics, grasping, haptics, reality-based soft-tissue modeling for surgical simulation, model-based teleoperation in robot-assisted surgery, and cellular manipulation. He is currently the member of the Haptics Symposium Program Committee, Co-Chair of Surgical Robotics committee of IEEE Robotics and Automation Society, member of the Editorial board of ASME Journal of Medical Devices, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, and IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine. He is also a member of the ASME and IEEE.

Audience: Graduate  Undergraduate  Faculty  Post-Docs  Alumni  Corporate 

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