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Abstract

Bit reductions in program instructions are achieved by determining the set of bit patterns in bit locations of the instructions. If only a subset of bit patterns is present in the instructions, they may be represented by an index value having a smaller number of bits. The index value may be substituted into the instruction and later used in decoding by referencing a corresponding bit pattern in a lookup table. The bit-reduction in the instruction makes way for supplemental data bits which may then be embedded.


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Abstract

An apparatus and method are provided for optimizing the link-state information that is to be broadcast in a routing domain of a communication network for QoS rule-based link-state routing. The routers include any device capable of implementing the routing primitives. The apparatus and method involve pruning the link-state information using local neighborhood information that has been discovered. The local link-state is pruned so that the QoS optimal paths are preserved for link-state routing.


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Abstract

A denial-of-service network attack detection system is deployable in single-homed and multi-homed stub networks. The detection system maintains state information of flows entering and leaving the stub domain to determine if exiting traffic exceeds traffic entering the system. Monitors perform simple processing tasks on sampled packets at individual routers in the network at line speed and perform more intensive processing at the routers periodically. The monitors at the routers form an overlay network and communicate pertinent traffic state information between nodes.


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Abstract

The invention is a method and system for authentication. A central node for issuing certificates to a plurality of nodes associated with the central node in a network is also provided. The central node receives a first key from at least one node from among the plurality of nodes and generates a second key based on the received first key and generates a certificate for the at least one node. The generated certificate is transmitted to the at least one node.


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